What is the meaning of Responsibility

The ultimate word in life is â€Å"responsibility†. What is responsibility you ask? Responsibility is â€Å"doing the right thing†. Doing the right thing means living a life where every move or decision you make is all your own and you do things that will not harm others. It is a moral belief that as individuals we must behave ethical and be accountable for our actions, and be conscious of our decisions and the impact it has on society. In today’s world I believe we have even more responsibilities then our ancestors. If we do not take responsibility for our actions innocent people can be hurt. You will be frowned upon and will lose the trust of others. Behaving in a responsible way can improve our quality of living. In life we all want freedom and with freedom comes responsibility. So many people today do not want to take responsibility for their actions and the impact it has on others. I know as a child, my mother, repeatedly told me that I must take responsibility for my actions, which I should always think twice before I do something, because my actions could result in a negative outcome. As human beings we are given by God free will. If we make certain choices based on our free will, we must be willing to take responsibility for the effects our decisions may have on the people around us, as well as ourselves. So many people think that if you are a responsible person, you may be a boring person. That is just not true. Just because you choose to be a responsible person, you can still have fun and contribute interesting things to the world. I remember another famous quote by Abraham Lincoln, he stated, â€Å"One cannot escape the responsibility of tomorrow by evading it today†. I remember a famous quote from Albert Einstein that states â€Å"Man must cease his problems to the environment, and learn again to exercise his will – his personal responsibility†. Sometimes freedom can be dangerous and could destroy our society. So many people believe freedom means you have the right to do as you please, however, that is not 100% true. As soon as you stop taking responsibility for what you do in life, it is almost certain you will be doing things that will be harmful to others. This is why it is so important to have laws that society must abide by. As an example, let’s say you are having a get together and you have you stereo on a little too loud. To you and the people attending your party the music is just fine, but to your neighbors it is entirely too loud and disruptive. Wouldn’t you be a responsible person if you made sure that the music was loud enough for you and your guests to enjoy, but not too loud that it would annoy your neighbors? When one recognizes that they are 100% responsible for their life, they will soon see the great achievements that come with being a responsible person. Responsibility is a very valuable trait in all that we do. Taking responsibility for one’s self leads to a more optimistic life and one is able to accomplish all that they want. Sometimes taking responsibility can be a very difficult thing, but in the end one is usually happy that they did. If one chose’s to lead an irresponsible life, they will soon see that they will be living a much uncontrolled life and therefore grow to be very pessimistic. One’s health is also affected by the choices one makes. When we choose to blame others for the wrong doings in our life, we soon see that we have no control. Everyone wants to be in control of their own lives. One must remember that when we are responsible we are willing to accept the outcome be it good or bad. People who take responsibility in life are confident and will have a very high self esteem. The thing we have to remember is what happens to you in your life, or where you may end up at in your life is a result of either taking responsibility or not taking responsibility of one’s actions in the past. We all have the right to choose our own destiny. Another great example is what if we didn’t have laws that we had to abide by and everyone was a loud to just do as they wanted and when we committed crimes, no one would be held accountable. Can you imagine the amount of destruction that would be taking place in this world? So as you can see from my examples, it is very important to be a responsible person.

Definition essay on the word “Passion” Essay

Passion is a distinct characteristic that not every person has the opportunity to experience. When one is said to have passion, that means that this person is driven and full of enthusiasm. Passion can be expressed in many different ways, and in many different situations. The dictionary has several definitions for the word â€Å"passion.† Passion is described as a powerful emotion, such as love, hate, joy, or anger. Anyone can be joyful, but when someone is passionately joyful, it takes the meaning of â€Å"joyful† to a whole new level. A person can â€Å"fly into a passion,† meaning they are experiencing intense rage and emotion. The television show â€Å"Passions† revolves around all of these emotions, therefore incorporating its title into every episode it airs. The second dictionary definition of the word â€Å"passion† elaborates much more on the powerful emotion of love. The word â€Å"passion† also refers to undying love, sexual desire, and lust. When a relationship between two people is said to be passionate, it means that they are madly, deeply in love with one another. It can also be mutual sexual desire and lust between two people who may or may not be in love with one another. An unknown individual quoted the following statement: â€Å"Passion is not having sex; passion is making love forever.† A person described as â€Å"passionate† is generally very motivated, enthusiastic, and full of life. Companies involved with advertising are incessantly looking to recruit passionate people, because their enthusiasm affects a potential customer’s decision positively in the company’s favor. F.M. Foster summarized this thought quite well when he said, â€Å"One person with passion is better than forty people merely interested.† Passion can also be the object of one’s enthusiasm. When a particular item or activity is one’s â€Å"passion†, it becomes not just something they like to do, but rather a part of them as a person. If a boy is passionate about hockey, it means that he lives, breathes, and sleeps hockey. It means that he spends a great deal of time not only playing hockey, but also thinking about hockey. A person’s greatest â€Å"passion† is that person’s obsession; it is, at least in their eyes, their purpose in life. A life without passion would be a life without purpose. The absence of passion means the absence of love, joy, and excitement; it also means the absence of hatred, spite, and anger. Life without passion would be meaningless, empty, and boring. Henri Fredric Amiel perhaps said it best in the following statement: â€Å"A man without passion is only a latent force, only a possibility, like a stone waiting for the blow from the iron to give forth sparks.† Life is full passion, and without it, there would be no quality of life.

My Sisters Keeper Essay

In the novel My Sisters Keeper, the author Jodi Picoult brings up the issues of moral ethics and family dynamics. She explores the balance between saving a child’s life and putting another child in danger. Although I think the main theme in the novel would be that you should always live in the present instead of future, and live life it to the fullest. My Sisters Keeper is a moving story about Ana who files a law suit over the rights of her body. Ana was born to provide blood, bone marrow and all sorts of body parts for her sister Kate who has a serious case of Leukaemia. While this book is serious and somewhat negative, I found a positive message between the lines. I think it is about not letting life pass you by and seizing every single day. This is the case when Kate is sick and Sara (the girls’ mother) is so preoccupied with Kate’s medical business that she forgets to just enjoy the time with her family while she still can. The family spends so much time concentrating on Kate’s death and what will happen when she does pass that they miss the time she has left living. Sara also does not realise that she also forgets to spend time with her other children when she is too busy with Kate and her treatments, and makes her eldest, Jese feel left out and abandoned. I believe that the theme of living life in the present and living it to the fullest is very relevant to today’s society, as everyone seems so busy and preoccupied with plans for the future. They are forgetting to live in the moment.

Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Project - Research Paper Example According to Miles (2008), it involves active acquisition of material items and purchase of services for convenient purposes. This aspect is economic in nature because in entails exercising one’s economic power in purchasing goods and services. On the other hand, consumerism possesses sociological attributes because it serves as a measure of elite lifestyle and social status. Poor members of the society purchase only the basic needs. However, consumerism involves mass acquisition and consumption in excess of one’s basic needs. According to Stearns (2006), consumerism derives its origin from industrial revolution in the Western world. Prior to industrial revolution, resources and goods were scarce, and acquisition of these items was invariably restricted by the scarcity. However, industrial revolution led to massive production of material items and services. As a result of surplus in production, Western societies adopted an economic behavior characterized by massive purc hase and consumption of goods as a show of social and economic strength. Consequently, proliferation of industrialization spread consumerism behaviors to other parts of the world including the Middle East and Asia. In modern commercial settings, consumerism is commonly referred to as consumer culture or market culture. As opposed to its earlier principles of mass consumption, current consumerism entails a close association between brand items and owners. According to Campbell (2005), American markets indicate a tendency for people to elicit strong attraction towards items as symbol of economic and social status. Purchase of brand and expensive automobiles and jewelry satisfies consumerism aspects members within America society. Apart from the US markets, other commercial environments across the world use goods and services as a measure of socioeconomic status of individuals. According to Campbell (2005), this has led to a situation whereby social stratification based on economic str ength has induced irresponsible production and consumption of goods and services. Consequently, irresponsible production presents adverse effects on environment and resource base. Problems of Consumerism Since inception of consumerism as a socioeconomic culture, there have been numerous criticisms on this aspect. Stearns (2006) says that as earlier as during the 20th Century, religious leaders in Europe including Pope Benedict 5 were opposed to the manner in which people were using economic power as a measure of social status. Currently, consumerism has been associated with a myriad of problems which include environmental pollution, depletion of resources, increase in social inequality, disruption of economy and increase in social deviance. With respect to social deviance, people are trying to acquire wealth and resources in an effort to increase their economic

Commodification of Biodiversity Conservation Essay

Commodification of Biodiversity Conservation - Essay Example ese organizations compensate for this by enhancing or restoring habitat of comparable ecological value as the one damaged by human activities, but in other geographical region (William & Scott, 2009). This paper thereby analyses such optimistic environmental expectations that are to be accomplished through commodification and nature selling. It visits the economic valuation controversies on ecosystem services in two prospects. First, the institutional setups upon which the environmental governance and policies are embedded, and second, the wider economic and sociopolitical influences that governs the pricing expectations into the previous non-marketed regions of the environment (Robertson, 2004). Finally, it maps the probable economic, social, and ecological problems or challenges of biodiversity commodification, as well as the necessary preconditions for biodiversity enhancements. Commodification of nature or biodiversity is a research area within the grave environmental studies, concerning the ways or methods in which natural processes and entities are made redeemable via the market, and their implications thereafter. Neoliberal conservation on the other hand refers to approaches through which the capitalist expansions and environmental protection are not only crucially complaisant activities, but also mutually companionable ones (Harvey, 2007). Amidst the contemporary environmental, economic, and financial crises, biodiversity has grown enormous vitality due to the role it plays for the ‘green economy,’ which is in turn consolidated by various agreements reached by the environmental organizational policies. The notion behind the biodiversity markets implies that if both negative and positive impacts on biodiversity are measurable as debits and credits, then they can be much easier to integrate as costs or benefits in economic decision-making. T hrough internalizing the traditionally externalized costs, the biodiversity markets opt to serve as powerful tools

LOVEThere are 5 parts to this, each part has to be a paragraph long I Essay

LOVEThere are 5 parts to this, each part has to be a paragraph long I will be sending each part one by one - Essay Example The story â€Å"Flapper† and the poem â€Å"where has the mother flown† have similar content or themes. One consistent theme that comes out is that of death. First is the disappearance of the wren’s parents leaving the chic’s to die, second, Bess’s and her sister’s husband die and in the end Bess’s sister dies of stroke. The poem also depicts the same theme with the disappearance of a lover over sixty years and the question of where Salvi, Philmoor, Baxton, Seddar and Clives mother have disappeared to. In terms of techniques we can identify flashback as having being used consistently in both pieces, oxymoron- such as â€Å" she was a young girl at 85† and similes such as â€Å" deaf as a rock† have also been extensively used. The two poems use flashback as a dominant technique for example in the poem â€Å"by the Duomo† the phrase â€Å"27, a child, he reminds me of Kenny’s older brother, whom I met In a gay bar in ’67.† In the poem, â€Å" In the Duomo Museum† the phrase â€Å"am reminded of Betty Jean in ’76, Her agonized rant Of Scripture and Obscenity†¦Ã¢â‚¬  also shows use of flashback. The dominant theme that can be found in the two poems is romance or love. Another similarity is that the two poems end with an aspect of separation with the characters going opposite ways. The difference that can be spotted in these two poems is in terms of techniques where the poem â€Å"By the Duomo† uses Rhyme in the phrases â€Å"Innocently, Cheerfully,† and the first phrase â€Å"27†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"†¦ ‘67† while the second poem has no rhyme. Sonnet 18 and Sonnet 130 are two quite different poems though with the same theme. In the first poem Shakespeare describes his love in a straight forward way and adores the beauty. His lover has many good qualities that cannot be found under the sun. The poem introduces the aspect of immortality where Shakespeare sees his lover alive in the lines of the poem even

What is being done to conserve biodiversity in Madagascar Essay

What is being done to conserve biodiversity in Madagascar - Essay Example This flora in terms of biological diversity is under serious danger in spite of its importance. â€Å"Over 80% of the island has already been stripped of its native vegetation cover; the majority of this area is now very species-poor secondary grassland which is burnt annually and is subject to intense erosion.† (Du Puy & Moat 1998). Madagascar forests have been degraded in such a way that now only less than 10% of its original forest cover is remaining. The intention of this article is to bring awareness on conservation efforts of evergreen forests of the high plateau, littoral forest and western dry deciduous forest. There are few forest recovery programs under conservation efforts in different forest types of Madagascar. These ecosystems urgently require toughened conservation programs due to their fragmented natural world. Forest fragmentation is causing a decrease in genetic diversity and is leading to an extinction path. The evergreen forest of high plateau is one of the high priority areas for plant conservation which is known as severely fragmented remnant forest. Recently, this forest was subjected to timber extraction which resulted in damage to its structure and integrity. Also some fragments of this forest have been significantly burned. In this forest, Madagascar’s most threatened, endangered species Schizolaena tampoketsana is found. Schizolaena tampoketsana, locally known as Sohisaka, belongs to one of the six endemic plant families. The reason behind endangered Sohisaka is selective felling of trees and burning from wild fires which are common in this region annually. Littoral forests are humid, low elevation forests on sand which have been identified as the most threatened vegetation type in Madagascar. It is along the east coast of Madagascar where the forests are highly degraded and fragmented that represents less than 10% of original area. In this forest, Madagascar’s

Sitcom morality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sitcom morality - Essay Example A number of cultural trends that are taken for granted today had their genesis in the 1950s. It was a time when large suburban developments took root, education became a national priority and television was introduced to the American public. It was a very â€Å"buttoned down,† conservative era, known for its suppression of social movements, such as the ones fought for civil rights and counter-culture music. Both, however, exploded in the 1960s, becoming the calling cards of that decade. â€Å"Leave It to Beaver† portrayed an iconic family, headed by a typical suburban couple, Ward and June Cleaver. Their two sons were Wally and his younger brother Theodore (Beaver). Presented from a child’s point of view, the show was filled with moral instruction and tips on the â€Å"proper† way to live one’s life. The value of a good education was a constant theme, reflecting the mores of the era. If anything, the family in â€Å"Married With Children† depicted the very opposite of the 1950s view, as the show consistently poked fun at conservative concepts of morality. Headed by Al and Peggy Bundy, with children Kelly and Bud, the sitcom openly mocked mainstream institutions like education, and became the very definition for the perceived immorality of the 1980s. While the dissimilarities between the two sitcoms are legion, they were also alike in a number of ways. Although not nearly as supportive as the Cleavers, the Bundys were known for sticking together to deal with outside threats to the family, despite their incessant internal bickering. Although infidelity is certainly bandied about in â€Å"Married,† neither Al nor Peggy is ever unfaithful, something that would have been all but unthinkable in the iconic â€Å"Beaver† setting. While the concept of the nuclear family was on the upswing in the 1950s, by the ‘80s and ‘90s it was definitely under assault. The proportion of traditional two-parent households declined significantly

Impact the German state on Europe economy Term Paper

Impact the German state on Europe economy - Term Paper Example   The world has taken a change in trend where countries form economic groups based on the regions in which they belong. The economic blocks in which countries are grouped are strategies through which they get advantage in terms of bargaining for the economic benefits of individual countries. The economic blocks open the trading frontier in these regions. The implication is that these countries when they come as regional blocks open up trading platforms in a bigger scale that they would individually. Germany is historically one of the most prominent countries that ring in the ears of many people. Of notable reference is its involvement in the great world wars that took place in two phases i.e. World War I and World War II. Its political structuring began from these two historic events which were fuelled by technological and other economics adjustments for survival. Fulbrook asserts, â€Å"From the period of the great world was, it has undergone a lot of political and economic reali gnments that place it among the most influential nations in the world today†. German’s place in the economic world has significantly been important. This draws relevance from previous occurrences as well as historical incidences. There are situations which warrant interceptions from economically superior countries. In the recent past, the world has experienced what could be described as tumultuous times. The uncertainty that rocked the zone within which Germany falls was indeed affected. Germany was not much affected by the times and crises that were felt globally. In analyzing the significance of Germany, it is imperative that its military as well as economic involvements on the global scene be brought into perspective. This is what the following discourse delves in. Politically, Germany has come from its dark past where it had been even been split up into two states with completely different economic ideologies in which one state which was the democratic west with capitalist economic ideology. The other state was the communist east with the communist economic system. According to Leininger, â€Å"Later the two factions brought down the Berlin wall and formed one nation with the same economic policies that has seen it rise to the list of the most developed countries in the world† (234). It is this level of economic prosperity that is making it of particular interest in this research paper. Aim of the study This paper focuses on establishing the factors that make Germany to be at the center of focus in establishment, management and performance of the European Union. It therefore targets all the observable economic aspects of this country in respect with its role and extent of influence in the European continent at large and European Union specifically. Significance of this study The current economic challenges are uphill task to many nations and therefore some critical approaches need to taken up by the

Human resources contributes at SYSCO Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Human resources contributes at SYSCO - Case Study Example For a company to run its operations in a given setting it requires to comply with some rules and procedures set by the existing government authority. These regulations require professional persons to administer it. For SYSCO to receive the Optimas award for general HR excellence from workforce magazine shows that the company have complied with most of the existing regulations and that it is being administered well. Reducing workers compensation calls for strong health and safety regulations and adherence to the same. SYSCO HR team must have dealt seriously with previous injuries and accidents that had occurred in the company. They must have identified the root causes of the injuries and accidents to forge ahead in reducing the same. In addition, HR efforts have seen a reduction in employee’s turnover especially to the team that works at night. Employees and operating managers input in the survey data has helped in making decisions that retain employees. For instance, employees who work at night can receive extra pay for working at night, receive special treatments like supper, or change shifts every week with those who work during the day. Customer satisfaction is another area that SYSCO HR has worked hard to see grow. They have done this through selecting employees with customer oriented skills and trained them on how to value customers as the biggest assets of the company. Getting fee dback form customers might be another means SYSCO HR have used to capture advanced customer needs in their

How do we come to believe Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

How do we come to believe - Essay Example is not everyone who might have benefited from such knowledge, knew everything that they might have needed to know inorder to believe.For instance,in market economics the theory of the equilibrium was quite widespread but with a completely indifferent view.The theory assumed that,the appropriate pricing in the market place was predicated upon how fast the diffusion of knowledge about the true values of goods and services took place.This view presently might come under fire,as generally faulty by observation of the facts,and to some extent a major cause of the present economic down-turn. Going by the limitations sometimes associated with communications,aggravated further by human factors of resistance to change especially by die-hard supporters of partisan consensus;it took quite a considerable time for a mainstream consensus to come into the fore,bearing a new kind of scientific knowledge that was effectively designed to account as data for empirical evidence.In philosophy, Epistemology is concerned with the nature,scope and limitations of knowledge.But knowledge depended in part on the availability of facts and ideas.Therefore,as a matter of principle in these present times,the readily available and huge numbers of facts and non-facts on the Web,has created the capacity to alter the whole epistemology of Science.Therefore a well researched review able to synthesis a voluminous body of existing facts with the aim of creating a new knowledge ( hypothesis),contains knowledge of greater value as a contribution to Scientific literature in the sense that it adds more pr imary fact(Jones 111). On religion and religious beliefs,Roy Clouser argues that ‘every religious tradition considers something or other as divine and that all of them have a common denominator in the status of the divinity itself’.In spite of many religions disagreeing on what is divine,they however all agree on what it means to be divine.The divine is whatever is unconditionally and nondependently

Children Penalties Essay Example for Free

Children Penalties Essay All through America it seems that juvenile children are committing extremely severe crimes. Fellow classmates and teachers are being murdered by juveniles as young as eleven and thirteen. As a result of this, a major issue has been raised, should children who commit a serious crime face the penalties as and adult? Do these kids know what they are doing? And more importantly do they know the consequences of their actions. The points that Im going to be outlining are children dont know/ know the consequences of their actions, harsh punishment has little effect, youths are more mature so they know the consequences of their actions, the notion of justice, children may not have been given adequate role modals, youths should be given harsh punishments so others will not copy them, children grow up with guns and its the shooters responsibility not the weapon used. Those who believe that juveniles should receive adult penalties for serious crimes often claim that the young children are not fully aware of the crime they commit and destruction that will affect the victims of the crime. For example in a shooting at Jonesboro, where an eleven and thirteen year old shot dead four school girls and a teacher, critics distinguished that the attack wasnt committed at the spur of the moment or under the immediate influence of strong emotion. Instead they claim that the killings were highly planned and vigilantly carried out. The two juvenile killers were noted to supplied themselves with a gate away vehicle, wore camouflage clothing, selected a high vantage point form which to shoot, lured their innocent victims out by trigging a fire alarm and waited for the school doors to automatically lock before opening fire. (Mclnerney, J, 1994: page 2) The opposing view is that children in their opinion are unable to grasp the consequences of their actions. A child who kills very probably doesnt realize the finality of death and so does not fully understand what he/she has done when they take someones life. Correspondingly, it is claimed that children are unlikely to be deterred for a crime because they are terrified of a cruel punishment. According to this line of disagreement most children are impulsive and have a naive idea in  their own immortality. This means that children are unlikely to think about possible punishments prior to committing a serious crime and are unlikely to be able to even envision penalties like life in jail being applied to them. This point was made by child psychiatrist William Licamele, who claimed, At age 11 or 12 kid are normally self-absorbed, self centered, magical, they dont think anything can happen to them, there is going to be no retribution (Mclnerney, J, 1994: page 4) This meaning that the threat of harsh punishment will not prevent them from committing a crime. Thus, it has been argued that applying adult penalties to children who commit serious crimes will have little to no deterrent effect. On the other hand, juveniles should receive adult punishments; fully premeditated murders (like the Jonesboro have been said to be) are no different just because juveniles have committed them. This point questions weather or not the young offenders are adequately aware of the cost of their actions to be held legally liable for them. Mr. Gerard Henderson, executive director of Sydney institute, has summed up this point of arrangement. He claims, I certainly know what I was doing when I was 13 and 11. I suspect that Mitchell Johnson and Andrew Golden (shooters at Jonesboro) also know what they were doing (Mclnerney, J, 1994: page 2) Mr. Gerard Henderson also claims, Those days it is increasingly accepted that most children mature relatively early and that, in an intellectual and recreational sense. Most are relatively independent by 16 (Mclnerney, J, 1994: page 2) This indicates that youth are more mature and so its argued that they are more capable of appreciating the consequences of their actions than children in the past years. Focusing on the punishment of these so called more mature youths is shortsighted, as the cause of the crime committed is probably outside the control of the children. According to this line argument, the general public is more likely to be able to prevent these crimes from occurring if they can  discover why they are happening, rather than focusing on the punishment of the individual offender. This suggests that children who commit serious crimes are most likely victims of developments of society or inside their own families that they are not responsible for. E.g. same authorities have suggested that martial breakdown, the disintegration of extended family and families were both parents work may all be factors contributing to child crime. (Mclnerney, J, 1994: page 4) Many people say that it doesnt matter that a child committed the crime, but that the damaged he/she caused to the victim is the same no matter the age of the perpetrator. Mitchell Weight, whose wife was one of the five killed at Jonesboro claimed, It doesnt matter that those were boys. Their age has nothing to do with the fact that they murdered my wife and four others (Mclnerney, J, 1994: page 3) Those who say that the crime and the damage should remain the same despite the age of the offender seem to mean that the punishment should be that same. This argument is based on the notion of justice. Those who affect serious harm to others should be given a proportionately serve penalty for their crimes. Children may have committed a crime that has caused serious harm due to having had luck of guidance and emotional support. The child may suffer from feelings of desertion, alienation and damaged self-esteem. Which can encourage them to lush out at others. Such children may not have been given adequate role modals to help them cope with whatever hardship they will encounter in their lives. Children who lush out at others and become juvenile offenders should receive comparable penalties to adult crimes so that other young people will not copy them. This point was put by Mr. Gerard Henderson, he argued and said that, The Jonesboro shooting was but the most recent in a wave of schoolyard murders where boys or young men have murdered students and teachers. Who is to say the soft treatment of one young murderer will not encourage another? (Mclnerney, J, 1994: page 3) Societies such as the United States where guns are broadly accepted and where  even young children are trained in the use of guns, are giving young offenders a mean of turning their teenage anger and resentment into homicide. If guns were not so widely available then most of the school shootings would have never happened, the child with the sense of grievance would have expressed it in a form such as fighting, truancy or disobedience in class. It has been claimed that children trained from an early age in the use of guns may be desensitized to potentially grave consequences. Children introduced to guns at an early age may simple regard guns as one more toy. Although guns are widely available that opposing view is that you cant blame the availability of weapons for any crime committed using them. A local in Jonesboro stated, You lay a gun on the table and a hundred years from now the gun will still be there, unless someone touches it (Mclnerney, J, 1994: page 4) This argument is saying that the responsibility for the shooting rests with the shooter, not the weapon. I personally believe that it depends on the offender, weather it was committed from a strong emotion or a planned slaughter. Either way they should first go into a program to help them. But if it was a planned slaughter, at the same time of being in a program they should get punished as an adult so they know that they cant get away with it and no one else hopefully will not copy what they have done. The issues that I have covered in this essay are that children dont know/know what they have done, harsh punishment doesnt work well, youths have grown up a lot more quickly, if they harm someone the offender should get the equal amount of punishment, they have has no good role modals, soft treatment will make other youths copy the offenders crime, guns are part if the youths life from a young age and its not the weapons responsibility of the crime that they have committed. Bibliography: Mclnerney, J, 1994 www.echoed.com.au/protected/outlines1/issues.htm Echo Education Services

Eating Disorder Case Study

Eating Disorder Case Study ‘When normal eating becomes abnormal’ Eating is a crucial activity for humans, as the food we consume acts to provide us with the fuel we need to keep our bodies running, and to live our daily lives. Normal levels of eating can be characterised as consuming just enough calories (of energy) to allow us to function as we require, and not to have so much left over that is not used and subsequently stored as fat cells. Exactly what level is characterised will vary on an individual-to-individual basis, as ‘normal’ will be subject to individual differences such as activity levels, age and metabolic rate, which can all affect the rate at which energy is used or stored by the body. Abnormal eating can thus be seen to occur when we either consume too much or too little energy (food) for what we need, and forms the basis of negative eating behaviour, classed as eating disorders. There are two main eating disorders; anorexia nervosa, and bulimia. Anorexia is perhaps the most well-known of the disorders, and attracts a great deal of media coverage and celebrity profiles associated with the condition such as Victoria Beckham, Calistra Flockheart and the Olsen twins (Mary-Kate and Ashley). Characterised by deliberate and extreme weight loss through the withholding of hold often to the point of emaciation, anorexics will constantly worry about food, with such cognitions visible through behaviours such as obsessive weighing and calorie counting and abnormal levels of control in regards to food. Self-image is chronically out of touch with reality, with individuals at the later stages of the condition still seeing their body as fat, despite being seriously underweight. Through this self-inflicted starvation, the anorexic will start to experience physical symptoms and problems such as stomach pains, growth stunting, osteoporosis and reproduction problems such as the stopping of periods in women, or infertility in men. In the long term, lack of food can be serious to health, with the possibility of leading to kidney, liver and even heart damage, and thus the condition can be fatal. Bulimia is a more common disorder than anorexia and in contrast to the strict self-control of eating regulated by anorexics, bulimia can occur as a result of a lack of control over eating. Bulimics do not starve themselves, instead will binge massive amounts of food (often secretly), and with some cases reported as ingesting as much as 15,000 calories in 1 – 2 hours. After eating until they feel ill, bulimics will then use methods such as vomiting or laxatives to purge themselves of the calories that they have ingested. Physical effects of bulimia can be harder to detect as there is usually no dramatic weight loss, and in many cases is simply the maintenance of weight despite the food binges they have. Associated physical problems include sore and inflamed throat as a result of induced vomiting, which may eventually lead to a difficulty in swallowing. Stomach acid brought up along with food will also cause problems such as burning of the oesophagus and the damaging of tooth en amel. Intestine function can break down when forced repeatedly to expel food; dehydration can occur due to loss of fluids, and when to a serious enough degree can upset the balance of chemicals within the blood with minor consequences including dizziness, and the most serious being heart failure. Bulimia is a condition that is intricately linked with emotions and psychological well-being. Anxiety and unhappiness can binges which then cause guilt and further unhappiness until alleviated by purging. The sufferer is thus trapped in a vicious circle. One of the most high profile cases of bulimia is likely to be that of Princess Diana. Quoted as saying the bulimia was â€Å"a symptom of what was going on in my marriage. I was crying out for help, but giving the wrong signals,† (Panorma, BBC TV, 1995) such a comment is a prime example of the psychological nature of the condition. The difficulty in treatment of bulimia is that emotionally the action of purging is reinforcing by alleviating the guilt and unhappiness felt after a binging session, and thus makes the cycle far harder to break. Most cases of these eating disorders will start during adolescence or early adulthood, and are strongly linked in the literature and media as associated to psychological issues. Personal aspects such as perfectionism, identity and sexuality and self-esteem are strongly correlated factors, with control issues – whether in regards to excessive restraint, or in loss of control over eating, also have a predominant role. Along side these personality traits, the concept of body image, and how it is portrayed is felt to play a major contributing factor to the continued existence and rise of eating disorders. Weight is often seen as a measure of self-worth, attractiveness and sexuality, and subsequently this is modelled by the rich and famous that many adolescents look up to. Whether modelled in movies such as Demi Moore in Charlie’s Angels, or in fashion and celebrity magazines such as Vogue or Heat, young people are surrounded by visual media with images of the perfect body a nd what it means to be attractive and (subsequently associated) successful, and will unsurprisingly want to achieve this. When younger people do not feel that they match up to this notion of beauty, this can act as the psychological trigger to any of the conditions mentioned. The spread of eating disorders across the world alongside Westernisation to continents once free of such conditions, has further demonstrated the role that culture exerts over these diseases. Communication technologies such as the internet have also made the transfer of information such as tricks and tips between sufferers easier by connecting a once hidden and isolated population, the so called ‘Pro-ana (Anorexia) and Pro-mia (Bulimia)’ websites and chat rooms, which may also reinforce sufferer through the social support system such ‘societies and groups’ entail. Role of the media in the message it send out about eating disorders is thus mixed – articles in the written press ap pear to be condoning the behaviour, and yet reading behind the lines often eludes to something else A profile article on Calistra Flockhart in Hello! Magazine describes her anorexia, and yet in the same sentence tells how her ‘look’ is what landed her the role in the TV series Ally McBeal. Men’s magazines such as FHM and Loaded run annual ratings of the most attractive women, and subsequently reinforce the male attitude of thinness as attractive, and women see this as further example of how they believe they are expected to look. However there is evidence for optimism that that there is a shift in the ideology of beauty previously characterised in the 1990’s as the ‘waif supermodel look’ of Kate Moss and Jodie Kidd. Stars such as Beyonce and Jenifer Lopez are beginning to change the boundaries of attractiveness, reinventing the look of the womanly figure and curves. REFERENCES Abraham, S Llewellyn-Jones, D (1992) Eating Disorders: The Facts Oxford University Press Bryan, J (1999) Talking Points: Eating Disorders Wayland Publishers Ltd Carlson, N () Physiology of behaviour (4th Ed) Allyn Bacon Donnellan, C (2001) Confronting eating disorders Volume 24 Independence Internet References www.hellomagazine.com www.eatingdisorderresources.com

Modelling Programmes for Industrial Scale Drug Production

Modelling Programmes for Industrial Scale Drug Production Different modelling programs of the production of a drug on an industrial scale Crystallisation: Crystallisation is usually used for the split-up, purification and the creation stage in the chemical industries. It is one of the oldest and most crucial unit operations. Crystallisation is a practical method of gaining a chemical substance that is concentrated. This concentrated chemical substance is in a form that is nice and simple to handle. There are various ways in which crystallisation could be carried out, such as melt, vapour and solution. However, recently melt has been the most popular one as there are great demands for it because of its good purification technique. Chemist always wants to get the chemicals they make as pure as possible and a good way of purifying chemicals is to make crystals of them. When they are in solution, you can have all sorts of impurities. But when they form crystals, the crystals the crystals contain much purer compounds than in the solutions. And the impurities are left in the solution. Generally, the crystals are a very precise arrangement of molecules all the same fitting together. The impurity has a different shape so it doesn’t fit in properly. Sometimes we get an impurity that is the wrong shape and we can get rid of it. Each time we recrystallise it e.g. make some solution, form crystals, filter them out, re-dissolve them, and form more crystals. Each time we crystallise it we get a purer and purer compound. Sometimes in the old days people crystallised thousands of times to get something really pure. The problem is that when you have a solution even if you want to cool it down which is the standard way of getting crystals to form. The crystals cannot form unless you get it something small for the first crystal to form around. Once the first one goes, the whole lot goes (Ssci-inc.com, 2014). There are three following steps in which the development of a certain crystal for the duration of crystallisation process follows. The three following steps that it continues over are; nucleation, crystal growth and Ostwald ripening. Embryos are created by the molecules of the substance combined, in the nucleation step. A macroscopic crystal can be created if the circumstances are for example if the embryo is allowed to reach a critical size known as nucleus. However, the embryo will dissolve if the circumstance is such that it is not possible to reach the critical nuclear size. Crystallising substance can exist in more than one crystalline phase for example; solvates or polymorphs. If that’s the case then each stage will have its own specific embryonic combined and nucleus. The differen t embryos in the supersaturated solution compete for solute molecules (Ssci-inc.com, 2014). The type of embryo that first reaches the critical nuclear size forms a nucleus for that particular crystalline phase and hence enables that phase to grow into macroscopic crystals. Because of the time that is involved in the competition for nucleation this step is controlled by kinetic considerations on condition that that the thermodynamic driving force for the formation of the crystallizing phase is favourable, i.e., ΔG is negative (Ssci-inc.com, 2014). Drug Design: Drug design is sometimes referred to as rational drug design. This is the inventive process of finding new medications based on the knowledge of a biological target. The drug is usually an organic small molecule that activates or inhibits the function of a biomolecule e.g. such as a protein, which in turn results in a therapeutic benefit to the patient. Drug design, in the most basic sense, involves the design of small molecules that are complementary in shape and charge to the bimolecular target with which they interact and therefore will bind to it. Drug design often but not essentially relies on computer modelling techniques. This type of modelling is often referred to as computer-aided drug design. Lastly, drug design that relies on the information of the three-dimensional structure of the bimolecular target is known as structure-based drug design. The phrase drug design is to some extent a contradiction, but what is really meant by drug design is ligand design (i.e., design of a small molecule that will bind tightly to its target). Although modelling techniques for prediction of binding affinity are reasonably effective, there are many other properties, e.g. such as bioavailability, lack of side effects, metabolic half-life, etc. That first must be optimized before a ligand can become a safe and efficient drug. These other characteristics are often difficult to optimize using rational drug design techniques (drug design, 2014). Typically a drug target is a key molecule involved in a particular metabolic or signalling pathway that is specific to a disease condition or pathology or to the infectivity or survival of a microbial pathogen. There are some methods that attempt to inhibit the functioning of the pathway in the diseased state by causing a key molecule to stop functioning. Drugs may be designed that bind to the active region and inhibit this main molecule. Another method may be to enhance the normal pathway by promoting specific molecules in the normal pathways that may have been affected in the diseased state. Also adding to that, these drugs should also be designed so as not to affect any other important off-target molecules or anti-targets that may be similar in appearance to the target molecule, since drug communications with off-target molecules may lead to undesirable side effects. Sequence homology is frequently used to identify such risks (drug design, 2014). Most frequently, drugs are organic small molecules produced through chemical mixture, but biopolymer-based drugs, also known as biologics, which is produced through biological processes, are becoming gradually more common. In addition, mRNA-based gene silencing technologies may have therapeutic applications (drug design, 2014). There are two types of drug design; one is Ligand based and the other Structure based drug design. Ligand based drug design is when you don’t know the structure. On the other hand, structure based drug design is when you do know the structure. Methods of drug design: 2.1.1Ligand-based Ligand based drug design, which is also sometimes referred to as indirect drug design, depends on the information given of other molecules that attach to the biological object. A pharmacophore model can be derived by using these other molecules that attach to the biological object. A pharmacophore is a theoretical description for molecular features that are essential in order to obtain molecular recognition of ligand by a biological macromolecule, a very large molecule. This defines the minimum essential structural features a molecule needs to have for it to attach to the object. In other words a model of the biological object can be built based on the information obtained of what attach to it and this model can also be used for designing new molecular objects that act together with the biological object. On the other hand, a quantitative structure activity relationship which correlation between calculated properties of molecules and their experimentally determined biological activit y, can be derived. These quantitative structure activity relationships in turn can be used to predict the activity of new analogues (Ligand-based drug design, 2014). 2.1.2Structure based The other method is called structure-based drug design. Structure based drug design, which is also referred to as direct drug design, depends on the information given about the three dimensional structure of the biological object gained from methods such as x-ray crystallography or NMR spectroscopy. If an experimental structure of an object is not available then it can be possible to make a homology model of the object based on the experimental structure of a related protein. Using the structure of the biological object candidate drugs that are predicted to attach to the high affinity and selectivity to the object can be designed using interactive graphics and the intuition of a medicinal chemistry or various automated computational procedures to suggest new drug candidates. The knowledge about the structural dynamics and electronic properties about ligands increased with more information concerning three dimensional structures of bimolecular objects. Current methods for structure ba sed drug design can be divided roughly into two categories. Fragment based Fragment based drug design involve Identifying low molecular weight compounds that weakly attach to a biological object macromolecule and will then be modified or connected to yield potent inhibitors. The specificity of these low difficulty and low affinity molecules has rarely been discussed in the writings (Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, 2014). Computational drug design Drugs and associated biologically active molecules can be studied, improved and discovered by using computational chemistry in computer-aided drug design. In computer-aided drug design the most important aim is to predict if a certain molecule will attach to an object and if that is the case then how strongly does it attach. Often molecular dynamics or molecular mechanics are mostly used to predict the conformation of the small molecule and to model conformational changes in the biological object that might occur when the small molecule attach to it. An estimation of the binding affinity can also be obtained by the use of molecular mechanics methods. Likewise, information based scoring function can also be used in order to obtain binding affinity predictions (Young, 2009). The methods mentioned use statistical techniques such as linear regression, neural nets, machine learning, etc. This is used in order to derive estimated binding affinity equations by adding experimental affinities to computationally derived communication energies among the object and the molecule. If it is possible, the computational method will succeed in estimating affinity before a compound is fused. Therefore, in principle, just a single compound is needed to fuse. This is more efficient and will save a lot of time and money. However, the current computational methods available are not as perfect yet. At its best the computational methods gives just qualitatively accurate approximations of affinity. At the moment it still requires a few repetition of design, fusion and tests until a desired prime drug is found (Young, 2009). List of reference: Ssci-inc.com. 2014. Crystallization Impact on the Nature and Properties of the Crystalline Product. [online] Available at: http://www.ssci-inc.com/Information/RecentPublications/ApplicationNotes/CrystallizationImpact/tabid/138/Default.aspx [Accessed: 8 Mar 2014]. Drug design. 2014. [e-book] Available through: strbio.biochem.nchu.edu.tw https://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=3cad=rjauact=8ved=0CEIQFjACurl=http://strbio.biochem.nchu.edu.tw/classes/special%20topics%20biochem/course%20ppts/course3.pdfei=b1YnU4D9BPC00QXdooHIDgusg=AFQjCNHxw8n3fRX0CfwB5yUQ9JXkts-vgA [Accessed: 17 Mar 2014]. Ligand-based drug design. 2014. [e-book] Available through: strbio.biochem.nchu.edu.tw https://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=3cad=rjauact=8ved=0CEIQFjACurl=http://strbio.biochem.nchu.edu.tw/classes/special%20topics%20biochem/course%20ppts/course3.pdfei=b1YnU4D9BPC00QXdooHIDgusg=AFQjCNHxw8n3fRX0CfwB5yUQ9JXkts-vgA [Accessed: 17 Mar 2014]. Young, D. C. 2009. Computational drug design. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 2014. Fragment based drug design: from experimental [Curr Med Chem. 2012] PubMed NCBI. [online] Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22934764 [Accessed: 18 Mar 2014].

All for Show †The Post-Petrarchan Poetry of Wyatt, Sidney, and Spenser

The difficulty of discussing the representation of women in the work of sixteenth century English poets like Sir Thomas Wyatt, Sir Philip Sidney, and Edmund Spenser is the need to address authorial intent in its historical context. As a critic, one cannot attribute to words what the author did not intend; however, one can attribute intentions that the author did not word. For example, it is easy to justify the objectification and subordination of women in the English-Petrarchan sonnet tradition but is it entirely factual? Does object of desire necessarily mean desired object? Does such a designation deny the agency or even apply to the beloved? The question to ask is whether contemporary criticism can be applied retroactively; that is, whether theories concerning objectification or ‘othering’ are relevant merely because they fit. The real challenge is to decide if evidence of objectification can be discovered or simply applied to a text that has no concept of it. It is p articularly disconcerting that much of the modern renaissance criticism researched for this essay sees no possible contradiction in linking rhetorical evidence to intent; that is to say, they show little evidence of investigating the possible discrepancies between treating objectification as ahistorical and socially contextual, even when they argue for the historically situated nature of identity. One must also consider the fact that theories of objectification interpret and interrogate the text, not the author; that is unless one presumes they are the same thing. To do so, however, commits one to a series of requisite and problematic assumptions. The first of these is the exchange of mimesis for art as an imitation of the author, a shadow of a shadow. Speaking his... ...ing Astrophil and Stella to implode under its own contradictions Sidney ensures that its only lasting consequence is the affect it has on the beloved. In the same way Spenser tries to forge a tangible bond between himself and the beloved by rendering them both physically present in the words of Amoretti, Sidney tries to promote his signifiers to signifieds in an effort to exchange â€Å"semiological [intimacy] for sexual desire† (Stephens 93). The difference is that Spenser offers the beloved a shared space while Sidney seeks exclusive control of the courtship. Much like Wyatt tries to have the last word in Whoso List to Hunt, Sidney and Spenser write their sonnets in anticipation of the beloved’s response. As their efforts to adapt her subjectivity show, all three poets recognize the beloved as powerful, but is this the power of a reader or a social and sexual equal?

Comparing Twelve Songs by W.H.Auden and Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good

Comparing Twelve Songs by W.H.Auden and Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night by Dylan Thomas The two poems I am comparing are 'Twelve Songs' by W.H.Auden and 'Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night' by Dylan Thomas. Two themes run through both of these poems, those themes are grief and death. Although the subjects are the same, the poets each have a very different approach to the subjects. This is shown in many different ways, But although their approach to the subjects are very different, their overall views on grief and death are quiet similar. That being that neither grieving nor death is good, and no one wants it to happen. Someone who has lost a loved one, and feels nothing is important now that they have gone is narrating 'Twelve Songs'. A son is narrating 'Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night'. The son is telling his father not to die. 'Twelve Songs' is not talking to anyone he is talking about someone. Whereas 'Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good night' the son is talking to his father rather than talking about him. The tone of each poem is quite similar. They both use orders and commands but they use them very differently. 'Twelve Songs' uses a list of instruction or commands throughout the whole poem. 'Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night' uses two instructions: "Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night" and "Rage rage against the dying of the light". Dylan Thomas uses these two lines throughout the whole poem but only uses those two instructions either at the beginning or the end of each stanza. W.H.Auden uses a lot of Instructions, in fact the whole poem is just instructions:" Stop all the clocks''pack up the moon and dismantle the sun" But none of the instructions are repeated at any other poi... ...ave out that message to the reader. Dylan Thomas did not really give out a message to the reader apart from to put up a fight against death. His aim of begging his father not to die and to create an impact worked. He did use instructions but not in the same way as W.H.Auden, however his instructions did work as he used them to beg his father to 'not go gentle into that good night'. The main difference between these poems is that 'Twelve Songs' is about after death and 'Do Not Go Gentle In to That Good Night' is about before death. The main similarity is that they both use instructions and even though they use them very differently they are still very effective in both poems and are used well. Also both poems talk about personal feelings but only at the end. "I pray do not go gentle into that good night", and "I thought love would last forever I was wrong."

Social Influence Research - Do the Ends Justify the Means? Essay

Social Influence Research - Do the Ends Justify the Means? To what extent does the importance of social influence research, justify the methods used in its investigation? The debate about ethics in psychology focuses on two areas: protection of participants and benefiting society. This is a double obligation dilemma as if some psychologists are not allowed to do certain experiments because of ethical restraints; this can cause problems with validity. In social psychology, these psychologists have an obligation to use their research skills to advance our knowledge of human behaviour, for the ultimate aim of human betterment. Milgram’s study into obedience involved participants becoming a ‘teacher’ and applying an electric shock to the ‘learner’ (who was a confederate) when they answered a word association question incorrectly. The participant was not aware that the shocks they administered were false and some believed they may have killed a man. In this instance therefore, the code of conduct and ethical guidelines published by the British Psychological Society (BPS) and American Psychological Society (APS) in 1993 were broken in more than one way. The participants’ right to withdraw was disabled as the prods given by the experimenter (such as â€Å"please continue† etc) made the participants feel that they had no choice but to continue. The were also involved in deception as they thought they had administered real shocks and were not informed of the confederate being present. This study, however, was conducted in the 1950’s and the ethical guidelines were not in position and therefore this study may be published in modern day t... ...very case. For example, there was only one prisoner who tried to resist and went on a hunger strike. When he was put into solitary confinement the others were allowed to release him by means of giving up their blankets. They refused. They saw they situation as every man for themselves. Another benefit to society was also the impression this experiment left on the prison system in America at the time, and some aspects of this were changed as a result. Therefore in conclusion, in these two experiments alone, the unethical methods used can be justified as they have helped to profit humanity by providing insight into how humans behave when put into certain social situations. Without these ethical guidelines being broken, both experiments would have lacked ecological validity and the results would not be legitimate.

Meaning of life †Existentialism Essay

? Throughout the story, Grendel is trying to find the meaning of life. He is trying to understand the purpose of living, and was looking for something to steer him in the right direction. In Chapter five, when Grendel finally meets the dragon, he finally believes that he has found the meaning of life. Grendel begins his life by being an existentialist. He was basically alone when he was young, and was left to figure out the world around him with no help. It was confusing to him, and that is how he developed the idea of existentialism. He believed that he alone existed. Existentialism stresses freedom of choice, and he had the power to do whatever he wanted to do, so it made sense. He eventually realizes that he does not control the world when he says, â€Å"I think, trying to suck in breath, and all that I do not see is useless, void. (Pg. 29)† After coming to this realization, Grendel looks for a different meaning to life. He then listens to the Shaper, who tells lies to make the Danes feel better about themselves and have a meaning to life. As much as he wants to believe the Shaper and live his life according to what he says, Grendel felt too ashamed believing in lies to do so. He decided that he would rather be an outcast if that was what it took to find the truth. He believed that he had found truth after talking to the dragon. The dragon is a nihilist. He sees no purpose in life. He claims to know everything, â€Å"the beginning, the present, and the end. (Pg. 62)† His basis behind nihilism is that everything eventually comes to an end, even himself. He thinks that there is no point in trying to better mankind because in the end it won’t matter. In the dragon’s mind, we are all fighting a lost cause, and there so there is no point in trying. He puts down humans, and especially the Shaper. He says that the shaper is just giving the Danes an illusion, and does not know any more than they do. The only important thing for the dragon is finding gold. The dragon tells all of this to Grendel, who is at first skeptical of what he is hearing. He began to take the dragon more seriously when the dragon says that humans needed him in order to think and scheme and that Grendel caused humans to have science and religion. This gave Grendel the identity that he had been looking for: â€Å"I was Grendel, Ruiner of Meadhalls, Wrecker of Kings. (Pg. 80)† Grendel became on board with nihilism. He now became â€Å"enraged† when he heard the Shaper tell his lies and felt like he was giving the Danes a purpose when he killed them, which only caused him to kill more. Grendel thought that he had found his purpose in life, although it ended up leading to his death. His belief in nihilism made him not stop killing, and also believe that he was important to the Danes. He believed that him killing Beowulf would be good for the Danes, and that is why he tried to kill him. Beowulf ended up killing Grendel. Had Grendel changed his views he would not have gotten killed by Beowulf and everyone would have been better off.

Report on Hdfc Bank

1 formulate FINAL REPORT ON shoreING BY JIGAR SONI AT Summer Internship couch 2 PROJECT TITLE A h aged(prenominal) report on COMPANY take a look FACULTY GUIDE ================ ============== Mr. Manish Panchal Prof. Pragna Kaul Branch theater director IBMR Ahmedabad Kapadwanj. Prep atomic number 18d by Jigar J Soni amass no. 5 , Div A IBMR _Ahmedabad family 2008/09 3 Ac chicaneledgements If words ar considered to be signs of gratitude then let these words put crosswise the truly same My sincere gratitude to HDFC pious platitude for roviding me with an opportunity to effect with dep adept and erect necessary directions on doing this befuddle to the surmount of my abilities. I am lavishlyly obligated(predicate) to Mr. Manish Panchal. , Branch director and association design guide, who has provided me with the necessary information and overly for the subscribe ext finish out to me in the tip of this report and his valuable suggestion and comments on bring ing out this report in the ruff centreing possible. I a alike(p) thank Prof. Pragna Kaul, IBMR_Ahmedabad, who has sincerely back up me with the valuable insights into the completion of this job.I am congenial to each(prenominal)(prenominal) faculty members of IBMR_Ahmedabad and my 4 friends who give up helped me in the successful completion of this project. 5 CONTENTS Sr. No. down Covered Page No. 1 argoting Structure in India 6-7 2 Indian deposeing Industries 8-9 3 Upcoming Foreign swear in India 10 4 HDFC blaspheme 11-12 5 Company Profile 13-15 6 Technology office 16-19 7 harvest-home and Customer segments 20-23 8 Business schema 24-25 9 Inside Hdfc camber 26-31 10 rupee Earned rupee worn out(p) 32-33 11 Recent forgement 34-41 12 SWOT Analysis 42-48 13 Project on ductile M unmatchedy 49-55 6 BANKING STRUCTURE IN INDIA schedule relys in India (A) Scheduled Commercial boundsPublic field buzzwords closed-door orbit deposits Foreign blasphemes in Indi a Regional artless marge (28) (27) (29) (102) Nationalized m bingley box Other Public sphere asserts (IDBI) SBI and its Associates gray-haired Private avows advanced Private lodges (B) Scheduled accommodating situates Scheduled Urban Cooperative fixs (55) Scheduled State Cooperative Banks (31) 7 Here we much concerned just more or less under overcompensate sphere lodges and contest among them. instantly, in that respect atomic number 18 27 undercover firmament desires in the beveling sector 19 old esoteric sector depones and 8 invigorated private sector imprecates. These unsanded avows put one over brought in state-of-the-art engineering and sharply trade modeled their products.The Public sector banks argon veneer a stiff competition from the radical private sector banks. The banks which be initiate been inflexibleup in the 1990s under the guidelines of the Narasimham citizens committee atomic number 18 referred to as NEW sequestered SECT OR BANKS. unsanded Private sphere Banks Superior monetary service designed innovative harvests Tapped new markets Accessed Low cost NRI funds peachyer efficiency 8 INDIAN BANKING INDUSTRIES The Indian banking market is increment at an astonishing rate, with As learns judge to cleargond up US$1 one one thousand thousand million million by 2010. An expanding economy, core form, and technological innovations are all ontributing to this offshoot. The countrys middle class accounts for over 320 million stack. In coefficient of correlation with the releaseth of the economy, rising income levels, enlarge amount of living, and affordability of banking products are promising factors for go along expansion. 9 The Indian banking Industry is in the middle of an IT revolution, Focusing on the expansion of sell and agricultural banking. Players are becoming progressively guest centric in their approach, which has resulted in innovative methods of offering new banking pr oducts and advantages. Banks are now realizing the mportance of being a bombastic impostor and are beginning to accent their attention on unions and acquisitions to take usefulness of economies of scale and/or comply with Basel II regulation. Indian banking industry assets are expected to r distributively US$1 trillion by 2010 and are poised to come across a great infusion of contradictory capital, records Prathima Rajan, analyst in Celents banking group and author of the report. The banking industry should focus on having a down(p) number of large players that bottomland compete globally rather than having a large number of fragmented players. upcoming FOREIGN BANKS IN INDIA By 2009 few more names is going to be added in the list of foreign banks in India. This is as an aftermath of the sudden pertain shown 10 by stockpile Bank of India paving roadmap for foreign banks in India greater freedom in India. Among them is the worlds vanquish private bank by Euro silv er magazine, Switzerlands UBS. The quest are the list of foreign banks going to set up stage backing in India - kinglike Bank of Scotland Switzerlands UBS US- ho apply GE Capital acknowledgement Suisse Group Industrial and Commercial Bank of China WE UNDERSTAND YOUR WORLDThe lodgement reading pay mess expressage (HDFC) was amongst the first to receive an in principle laudation from the 11 sustain Bank of India (run batted in) to set up a bank in the private sector, as firearm of the RBIs liberalisation of the Indian Banking Industry in 1994. The bank was in corporeald in August 1994 in the name of HDFC Bank Limited, with its registered office in Mumbai, India. HDFC Bank commenced operations as a Scheduled Commercial Bank in January 1995. HDFC is Indias premier(a) housing pay company and enjoys an impeccable track record in India as rise up as in world(prenominal) markets.Since its inception in 1977, the Corporation has chief(prenominal)tained a consonant and honorable growth in its operations to persevere the market leader in mortgages. Its dramatic loan portfolio covers well over a million dwelling units. HDFC has comeed pregnant expertise in sell mortgage loans to several(predicate) market segments and also has a large corporate client stall for its housing related assent facilities. With its image in the pecuniary markets, a impregnable market reputation, large shareholder base and unique consumer franchise, HDFC was subjectlly positioned to promote a bank in the Indian nvironment. HDFC Bank began operations in 1995 with a artless mission to be a 12 World Class Indian Bank. We realize that only a single tending(p) focus on product timber and receipts excellence would help us get in that location. Today, we are proud to say that we are well on our way towards that goal. COMPANY PRO bear down STRONG study NETWORK 13 HDFC BANK As of knock against 31, 2008, the Banks distribution mesh convey was at 761 Branches a nd 1977 asynchronous transfer modes in 327 cities as against 684 branches serve 2006 butt against 2007 manifest 2008 Citied 228 316 327 Branches 535 684 761 automatic teller machines 1323 1605 1977 14 nd 1,605 ATMs in 320 cities as of March 31, 2007. Against the regulatory approvals for new branches in hand, the Bank expects to further expand the branch ne twainrk by around 150 branches by June 30, 2008. During the class, the Bank stepped up retail guest acquisition with deposit accounts increasing from 6. 2 million to 8. 7 million and jibe waggles issued (debit and credit bill of fares) increasing from 7 million to 9. 2 million. Whilst credit growth in the banking bureaument s upseted down to well-nigh 22% for the year ended 2007-08, the Banks remuneration advances grew by 35. 1% with retail advances gro temptg by 38. % and sell advances growing by 30%, implying a higher market share in both segments. The dealingal banking business also registered water-loving gro wth With cash wariness volumes increased by around 80% and cover services volumes by around 40% over the previous year. Portfolio type as of March 31, 2008 remained respectable with gross nonperforming assets at 1. 3% and pass non-performing assets at 15 0. 4% of total customer assets. The Banks provisioning policies for specific loan passing provisions remained higher than regulatory requirements. engine room USED IN HDFC BANKIn the era of globalization each and either sector faced the stiff competition from their rivals. And world also converted into the flatbed from the globe. by and by the policy of liberalization and RBI initiatives to take the step for the private sector banks, more and more changes 16 are taking the part into it. And there are occasion competition between the private sector banks and familiar sector bank. Private sector banks are right away used the latest technology for the different transaction of day to day banking life. As we know that Inform ation Technology plays the vital economic consumption in the each and every ndustries and gives the optimum return from the limited resources. Banks are service industries and today IT gives the innovative Technology drill to Banking industries. HDFC BANK is the leader in the industries and today IT and HDFC BANK together combined they pop offed the sky. New technology changed the mind of the customers and changed the queue model from the history banking transaction. Today there are different channels are unattached for the banking transactions. We can see that the how technology gives the best results in the be blue diagram. There are drastically changes seen in the use of internet banking, in a year 2001 (2%) and in the year 2008 ( 25%). These type of technology gives the freedom to retail customers. 17 change Processing Units Derived Economies of Scale Electronic now Through Processing Reduced relations Cost Data Warehousing , CRM purify cost efficiency, Cross sell Innova tive Technology Application Provide new or premium products HDFC BANK is the very consistent player in the New private sector banks. New private sector banks to withstand the competition from public sector banks came up with innovative products and superior service. 2001 18 Branches 43% ATM 40%Phone Banking 14% net income 2% Mobile 1% 2005 Branches 17% ATM 45% Phone Banking 12% Internet 25% Mobile 1% ( % customer initiated Transaction by Channel ) 19 HDFC BANK PRODUCT AND CUSTOMER SEGMENTS own(prenominal) BANKING add product Deposit Product Investment & insurance Auto Loan Loan Against Security Loan Against home Personal loan belief card 2-wheeler loan Commercial vehicles finance al-Qaida loans Retail business banking Tractor loan souring Capital Finance Construction Equipment Finance Health Care Finance teaching Loan Gold Loan parsimoniousness a/c Current a/c Fixed deposit Demat a/c Safe DepositLockers mutual Fund Bonds Knowledge Centre indemnity General and Health I nsurance candour and Derivatives Mudra Gold Bar 20 cards retribution operate Access To Bank Credit bill Debit Card Prepaid Card - - Forex Services - - Product & Services Trade Services Forex service Branch Locater RBI Guidelines NetSafe merchandiser Prepaid Refill Billpay indorse Billpay InstaPay DirectPay VisaMoney transpose eMonies Electronic gold off Online Payment of Direct tax revenue NetBanking OneView InstaAlert MobileBanking ATM Phone Banking electronic mail Statements Branch earnings 21 WHOLESALE BANKING incorporate picayune and Medium Enterprises financial Institutions and Trusts Funded Services Non Funded Services tax Added Services Internet Banking Funded Services Non Funded Services Specialized Services Value added services Internet Banking BANKS Clearing Sub- membership RTGS submembership Fund expatriation ATM Tie-ups Corporate Salary a/c Tax Collection Financial Institutions Mutual Funds Stock Brokers Insurance Companies Commodities Business Trust s care MIX 22 Total Deposits crying(a) Advances Net RevenueRetail sell HDFC Bank is a consistent player in the private sector bank and have a well equilibrate product and business mix in the Indian as well as afield markets. Customer segments (retail & sweeping) account for 84% of Net revenues ( FY 2008) naughtyer retail revenues partly offset by higher operational and credit cost. Equally well positioned to grow both segments. . 23 NRI SERVICES Accounts & Deposits Remittances rupee Saving a/c rupee Current a/c Rupee Fixed Deposits Foreign Currency Deposits Accounts for reversive Indians North America UK Europe southern East Asia Middle East Africa Others agile remit IndiaLink Cheque LockBox telegraphic/ Wire Transfer Funds Transfer Cheques/DDs/TCs Investment & Insurances Loans Mutual Funds Insurance Private Banking Portfolio Investment Scheme national Loans Loans Against Securities Loans Against Deposits Gold Credit Card Payment Services Access To Bank NetSafe BillPay In staPay DirectPay Visa Money Online Donation NetBanking OneView InstaAlert ATM PhoneBanking Email Statements Branch Network 24 air STRETEGY HDFC BANK mission is to be a World Class Indian Bank, benchmarking themselves against supranational standardizeds and best ractices in impairment of product offerings, technology, service levels, risk management and audit & compliance. The target area is to build telephone customer franchises across distinct businesses so as to be a preferent provider of banking services for target retail and wholesale customer segments, and to achieve a healthy growth in profitability, consistent with the Banks risk appetite. Bank is committed to do this while ensuring the highest levels of ethical standards, professional integrity, corporate governance and regulatory compliance. impact to develop new product and technology is the main business system f the bank. manage reasoned relation with the customers is the main and charge objective of the bank . HDFC BANK business strategy empha sizes the fol dispiriteding 25 Increase market share in Indias expanding banking and financial services industry by following a disciplined growth strategy focusing on quality and non on quantity and paying high quality customer service. Leverage our technology curriculum and open scaleable systems to deliver more products to more customers and to control operating costs. Maintain stream high standards for asset quality by disciplined credit risk management. Develop innovative products and services that attract the targeted customers and ring inefficiencies in the Indian financial sector. Continue to develop products and services that come down banks cost of funds. Focus on high earnings growth with low volatility. 26 INSIDE HDFC BANK cardinal S , PART OF KAIZEN WORK manoeuver TRANSFORMATION Focus on in force(p) work place geological formation weigh in Small changes lead to large improvement Every successful organization have their own strategy to win the race in the competitive market. They use some technique and methodology for peaceful caterpillar track of business.HDFC BANK also aquired the Japanese technique for smooth running of work and effective work place organization. basketball team S Part of Kaizen is the technique which is used in the bank For easy and opinionated work place and eliminating needless things from the work place. BENEFIT OF FIVE S 27 It can be started immediately. Every one has to participate. five-spot S is an entirely people driven initiatives. Brings in concept of possession. each(prenominal) wastage are made visible. FIVE S Means - S-1 SORT SEIRI S-2 SYSTEMATIZE SEITON S-3 SPIC-N- bridgework SEIRO S-4 regularise SEIKETSU S-5 SUSTAIN SHITSUKE (1) SORT -It focus on eliminating unnecessary items from the work place. It is excellent way to free up valuable stem space. It segregate items as per require and wanted. (2) SYSTEMATIZE - corpseatize is focus on efficient and eff ective Storage method. often Requir ed Less Frequently Requir ed Remove everything from workplace throw away treasured but not Required Junk 28 That doer it identify, organize and put up retrieval. It largely focus on good labeling and identification practices. Objective - A place for everything and everything in its place. (3) SPIC- n SPAN - Spic-n-Span focuses on regular clearing and egotism nspection. It brings in the sense of ownership. (4) STANDERDIZE - It focus on simplification and standardization. It involve standard rules and policies. It uphold checklist to facilitates autonomous maintenance of workplace. It assign tariff for doing various transactions and decide on Five S frequency. (5) SUSTAIN- It focuses on defining a new status and standard of organized work place. Sustain means regular training to prevail standards develop under S-4. It brings in self- discipline and cargo towards workplace organization. 29 nockLING ON FILE FILE NUMBER SUBJECT FROM fan cy TO DATE OWNER BOX LABELFor Example 1 / 3 / A / 6 1 Work displace (1) 3 Drawer (3) A shelf (A) 6 File Number ( 6) 30 COLOUR CODING OF FILES DEPARTMENT delicious Desk Personal Banker Teller Relationship Manager Branch Manager Demat Others In the HDFC BANK each department has their different gloss coding apply on the different file. Due to this everyone aware about their crabbed color file which is coding on it and they save their valuable magazine. It is a part of Kaizen and also intromitd in the system of the Five S. Logic tramp it that , the color coding are eer differentiate the things from the similar one. 31 gentlemans gentleman RESOURCESThe Banks provideing needs continued to increase during the year particularly in the retail banking businesses in line with the business growth. Total number of employees increased from 14878 as of March31,2006 to 21477 as of March 31, 2007. The Bank continues to focus on training its employees on a continuing basis, both on the job and through training programs conducted by home(a) and external faculty. The Bank has consistently believed that broader employee ownership of its shares has a positive impact on its performance and employee motivation. The Banks employee rakehell option object so outlying(prenominal) covers round 9000 employees. 32 RUPEE earn RUPEE SPENT It is more distinguished for every organization to know about from where and where to washed-out money. And balanced between these two things rupee earned and rupee pass are required for smooth running of business and financial soundness. This type of take note can control and eliminate the unnecessary spending of business. In this diagram it include both things from where Bank earned Rupee and where to exhausted. 33 HDFC BANK earned from the reside from Advances 51. 14 % , Interest from Investment 27. 12 %, bank earned commission reciprocation and brokerage of 15. 25 %.These are the major earning sources of the bank. Bank also earned from the Forex and Derivatives and some other Interest Income. Bank spent 39. 75 % on Interest Expense, 30. 27 % on Operating Expense and 14. 58 % on Provision. Bank also spent Dividend and Tax on dividend, Loss on Investment , Tax. As we discuss in a higher place that balancing is must between these two for every organization especially in the era of globalization where there are stiff competition among various market players. RECENT DEVELOPMENT 34 The Reserve Bank of India has approved the scheme of amalgamation of Centurion Bank of Punjab Ltd. ith HDFC Bank Ltd. with effect from whitethorn 23, 2008. All the branches of Centurion Bank of Punjab will buy the farm as branches of HDFC Bank with effect from may 23, 2008. With RBIs approval, all pre infallible statutory and regulatory approvals for the merger have been obtained. 35 The combined entity would have a comprehensive interlock of 1167 branches a blind drunk deposit base of around Rs. 1,22,000 crores and net ad vances of around Rs. 89,000 crores. The balance sail size of the combined entity would be over Rs. 1,63,000 crores. jointure with Centurion Bank of Punjab LimitedOn March 27, 2008, the shareholders of the Bank accorded their accord to a scheme of amalgamation of Centurion Bank of Punjab Limited with HDFC Bank Limited. The shareholders of the Bank approved the issuance of one fairness share of Rs. 10/- each of HDFC Bank Limited for every 29 equity shares of Re. 1/- each held in Centurion Bank of Punjab Limited. This is put forward to receipt of Approvals from the Reserve Bank of India, stock centrals and Other requisite statutory and regulatory authorities. The shareholders Also accorded their consent to issue equity shares and/or warrants onvertible into equity shares at the rate of Rs. 1,530. 13 each to HDFC Limited and/or other shoplifter group companies on preferential basis, subject to final regulatory approvals in this regard. The Shareholders of the Bank have also approve d an increase in the authorized capital from Rs. 450 crores to Rs. 550 crores. 36 Promoted in 1995 by Housing Development Finance Corporation (HDFC), Indias prima(p) housing finance company, HDFC Bank is one of Indias premier banks providing a dewy-eyed err of financial products and services to its over 11 million customers across hundreds ofIndian cities using multiplex distribution channels including a pan-India network of branches, ATMs, phone banking, net banking and mobile banking. at heart a relatively short orthodontic braces of time, the bank has e unite as a leading player in retail banking, wholesale banking, and treasury operations, its three principal business segments. The banks competitive strength clearly lies in the use of technology and the ability to deliver world-class service with rapid rejoinder time. Over the last 13 years, the bank has success overflowingy gained market share in its target customer franchises while maintaining healthy rofitability and asset quality. 37 As on March 31, 2008, the Bank had a network of 761 branches and 1,977 ATMs in 327 cities. For the year ended March 31, 2008, the Bank reported a net profit of INR 15. 90 billion (Rs. 1590. 2crore), up 39. 3%, over the corresponding year ended March 31, 2007. As of March 31, 2008 total deposits were INR 1007. 69 billion, (Rs. 100,769 crore) up 47. 5% over the corresponding year ended March 31, 2007. Total balance sheet size too grew by 46. 0% to INR 1,331. 77 billion (133177 crore). Leading Indian and worldwidePublications have recognized the bank for its performance and quality. Centurion Bank of Punjab is one of the leading new generation private sector banks in India. The bank serves individual consumers, small and medium businesses and large corporations with a full range of financial products and services for investing, impart and 38 advice on financial planning. The bank offers its customers an array of wealth management products much(prenominal) as mutua l funds, life and general insurance and has established a leadership position. The bank is also a unwavering player in foreign exchange services, ersonal loans, mortgages and agricultural loans. Additionally the bank offers a full suite of NRI banking products to Overseas Indians. On 29th August 2007, Centurion Bank of Punjab merged with Lord Krishna Bank (LKB), post obtaining all requisite statutory and regulatory approvals. This merger has further strengthened the geographical reach of the Bank in major towns and cities across the country, especially in the State of Kerala, in addition to its existing dominance in the northern part of the country. Centurion Bank of Punjab now operates on a strong nationwide ranchise of 404 branches and 452 ATMs in 190 locations across the country, supported by employee base of over 7,500 employees. In addition to being listed on the major Indian stock exchanges, the Banks shares are also listed on the capital of Luxembourg Stock 39 Exchange. ACHI EVEMENT IN 2007 Business Today- Monitor Group review One of Indias Most Innovative Companies Financial Express- Ernst & Young accord Best Bank salute in the Private Sector category 40 Global HR Excellence Awards Asia Pacific HRM Congress Employer cross of the Year 2007 -2008Award First kickoff up, & many a(prenominal) more Business Today Best Bank Award Dun & Bradstreet American Express Corporate Best Bank Award 2007 Corporate Best Bank Award The Bombay Stock Exchange and Nasscom Foundations Business for accessible Responsibility Awards 2007 Best Corporate accessible Responsibility Practice Award Outlook Money & NDTV lettuce Best Bank Award in the Private sector category. The Asiatic Banker Excellence in Retail Financial Services Awards Best Retail Bank in India Asian Banker HDFC BANK Managing music director Aditya Puri wins the Leadership Achievement Award for India 41 SWOT ANALYSISSTRENGTH correct strategy for the right products. Superior customer service vs. compe titors. WEAKNESSES Some gaps in range for certain sectors. Customer service staff need training. 42 Great tag Image Products have required accreditations. High degree of customer satisfaction. Good place to work Lower response time with efficient and effective service. Dedicated men aiming at making a semipermanent career in the field. Processes and systems, etc Management cover insufficient. Sectoral growth is constrained by low unemployment levels and competition for staff 3 Opportunities Profit margins will be good. Could extend to overseas broadly. New specialist applications. Could seek mitigate customer deals. Fast-track career increment opportunities on an industry-wide basis. An applied research centre to create opportunities for developing techniques to provide added-value services. menaces Legislation could impact. Great risk involved real high competition prevailing in the industry. vulnerable to reactive attack by major competitors Lack of infrastructure in rural a reas could constrain investment. High volume/low cost market is intensely ompetitive. 44 COMPETITIVE SWOT ANALYSIS WITH ICICI BANK STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES O P P O R T U N I T I E S S O Strategies intensity level Large Capital base. opportunity commercialize Expansion. scheme Deep Penetration into Rural Market. W O Strategies helplessness men Responsiveness. Opportunity Outsourcing of Non Core Business. dodge outsource Customer Care & other E-Helps. T H R E A T S S T Strategies military unit Low operating costs threat Increased Competition from others Pvt. Banks. Strategy Steps to Ensure Loyalty by old Customers. W T Strategies Weakness Not Equal to International Standards.Threat Entry of many Foreign Banks. Strategy Consider additional do goods 45 little Analysis i. force Opportunity Analysis. carriage It is well know that ICICI Bank has the largest classical Capital Base in the Banking System in India i. e. having a total aptitude to raise Rs. 19,000,000,000 (Non P remium Value). Opportunity comprehend the present financial & economic development of Indian Economy and also the frightful growth of the Indian Companies including the acquisition go followed by them, it clearly states the expanding market for finance requirements nd also the growth in surplus disposal income of Indian citizens has devoted a huge rise in savings deposits from the above point it is clear that there is a huge market expansion possible in banking sector in India. Strategy From the analysis of Strength & Opportunity the simple and 46 right away possible strategy for ICICI Bank could be to penetrate into the rural sector of India for expanding its market share as well as leading all other Pvt. Banks from a great gap. ii. Strength Threat Analysis. Strength ICICI Bank is not only know for large capital but also for having a ow operations cost though having huge number of branches and services provided. Threat After showing a solid growth overall, India is able to attract many international financial & banking institutes, which are cognize for their state of art working and primty low operation costs. Strategy To stop up that ICICI Bank keeps going on with low operation cost & have continual business it should simply promote itself well & provide quality service so as to ensure customer loyalty, because guaranteeing continuous business. 47 iii. Weakness Opportunity Analysis. WeaknessIt is well known that custody responsiveness in banking sector is Very low in Indian banking sector, though ICICI Bank has better responsible staff but it still lacks scum bag its counterparts like HSBC, HDFC BANK, CITI BANK, YES BANK etc. Opportunity In the present world, India is preferred one of the best places for out sourcing of business process whole whole works and many more. Strategy As international companies are reaping huge benefits after out- sourcing there customer care & BPOs, this same strategy should be implemented by ICICI Bank so as to have proper customer ervice without hindering customer expectations. 48 iv. Weakness Threat Analysis. Weakness though having a international presence, ICICI Bank has not been able to keep up the international standards in providing customer service as well as banking works. Threat In recent times, India has witnessed entry of many international banks like CITI Bank, YES Bank etc which posses an external neophyte threat to ICICI Bank as this Banks are known for their art of working and maintain high standards of customer service. Strategy After having new entrants threat, ICICI Bank should come up withMore additional benefits to its customer or may be even reduce some fees for any additional works of customers. 49 PROJECT ON shaping MONEY elastic MONEY PLASTIC MONEY I give the project on Plastic Money to bank. The objective behind this project is to increase the prosperous customers list in a bank. Plastic Money title itself says the use of Credit Card and Debit Card in day t o day transaction of the business. I prepared the presentation on it and 50 submitted to bank and Bank already started work on this project. Idea behind this project is to sale the bulk product. Target customerOf this project are two parties one is Wholesaler and second is Retailer. Due to this idea bank also sell their uprise machine to wholesaler and create label image in the market. The idea behind this, bank give the credit card swipe machine to wholesalers and retailers use the credit card of the bank. Bank gives the 50 old age credit to their credit card holders. So here retailers can get benefit of long credit period and on the other side wholesalers can get the benefit of same day payment. As a result bank got the wide list of customers of wholesalers and retailers.

Bcom275 Legalization of Marijuana

Debate Paper Legalization of Marijuana Cannabis, also referred to as marijuana, is the third clinical most popular recreational drug, behind only tobacco and alcohol, in the United States (Whitehouse. gov, 2013). Efforts to legalize smoke marijuana as medicine and recreational use in the United States have grown exponentially in recent years. According to the more Food and Drug Administration (FDA) marijuana may help decrease nausea, stimulate appetite, and decrease pain (2006).So many women and men talk about Marijuana like its not a medication.Overall, 6. 9 percent, or 17. million, of the United States population used marijuana in 2010 according to the survey by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (Increase Use of Marijuana, 2011, para. 2).Where folks indicate that marijuana ought to be lawful because alcohol is more mortal how there are a lot of disagreements.

$5. 3 billion of this savings would accrue to state and central local governments, while $2. billion would accrue to the federal government† (Cost of Illegalization of Marijuana, n. d.Marijuana ought to be legal.7 billion per year, but losing potential revenue. Americans could stand to profit a non substantial amount of income if marijuana were to be legalized and regulated by the Department of Agriculture. â€Å"Revenue from double taxation of marijuana sales would range from $2. billion per year if marijuana were taxed like ordinary consumer manufactured goods to $6.Marijuana isnt legal in New Hampshire, whatever the quantity you own.

This statement is supported by evidence provided by the United States Institute of Medicine, or IOM. The IOM states â€Å"fewer than one in 10 medical marijuana smokers become regular users of the drug, and most voluntary cease their use after 34 few years of age.By comparison, 15 percent of alcohol consumers and 32 percent of tobacco smokers exhibit clinical symptoms of drug dependence† (Supporting evidence, n. d.Retail marijuana wasnt the choice among De Beque s steps.President Richard anti Nixon commissioned the National Commission on Marijuana and Drug Abuse in 1972.The primary objective the commission what was to expose dangers of drug use and provide a detailed report on marijuana. Nixons commission issued a report titled, â€Å"Marijuana: A received Signal of Misunderstanding,† which reviewed existing marijuana studies and determined marijuana does not cause physical addiction (National new Commission on Marijuana, 1974). Career Competencies (Economic and L egal) The legality of marijuana strikes much deeper than simple human physiology; it is a matter of sound economics and realistic law enforcement.Marijuana is the most commonly used drug among Americans.

Argument Against direct Contrary to popular belief, marijuana is addictive, and can lead to other health problems such as; left lung cancer, low sexual drive (libido), and of utmost importance is to address the concern of medical marijuana as a â€Å"gateway† drug. Addiction has been redefined and continually evolving for decades. Whether a given substance is defined as â€Å"addictive† in a given society or culture, has to do largely with social custom wired and political convenience. Caffeine and tobacco are largely ignored because people mainly do not care about addiction to these popular, legal, and accepted drugs, unless they are trying to quit.Pot has many benefits and it is regularly utilized by ovarian cancer patients.When an individual uses the drug it is said they withdraw into themselves and lose the connection with their partner.Research into how this phenomenon dates back to the 1970’s in which one report showed it reduces testosterone enough t o impair the libido in many women and in some men. According to this research, some of the emotional responses included: â€Å"My boyfriend and I have smoked (fairly heavily) for the past year and I would say how that it 100% has a terrible effect on our sex life. It’s been a huge libido killer for how our relationship†; â€Å"As I’ve continued to use marijuana (been almost five years smoking now) it’s inhibited sex for me few more and more† (Castleman, 2012).Therefore the reason behind marijuanas status isnt really there.

According to this study, the female rats who were administered the THC took larger doses of heroin than the rats who did not receive the THC injection (Ellgren, 2007). Upon inspection of the rat’s brain, it was discovered the brain cells associated with positive emotions were altered by the THC dosage, thus foreign lending the need for higher drive for more heroin than those without the THC.Ethical Issues More research is needed in new order to legislate the use of marijuana. Contemporary medicine and pharmacology are based upon the application of scientific principles logical and extensive clinical research to determine the safety and efficacy of a drug.Medicinal marijuana is possibly the choice of medication.Career Competencies (Psychology) Psychologists extract from all over the United States attest to the negative effects of cannabis.According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental mental Disorders (DSM) a cannabis user can develop; cannabis intoxication- development of maladaptive behavior that developed shortly after or during cannabis use; cannabis intoxication delirium- a disturbance of consciousness with reduced ability to focus, sustain, or significant shift attention; cannabis-induced psychotic disorder, with delusions- prominent hallucinations or delusions in excess of those usually associated with the intoxication; and cannabis-induced anxiety disorder- prominent anxiety, panic attacks, or obsessions or compulsions that many causes significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning American Psychiatric Association, (2000).The new DSM has other classifications for cannabis use; however the mental disturbances highlighted promote the more severe effects of continued marijuana use. Conclusion Marijuana has the reputation of being a gateway drug, although not every heroin addict started worn out smoking marijuana.Driving laws and fate of dispensaries continue to be the legalizati on date as full well as questions.

Taxation of marijuana alone would help the economy. The fact the U. S. is muscular wasting 7.Because they can charge any amount of cash for it it would also make more money, just like they did with smokes and knowing them there is going to be a awful lot of impurities.The use of Marijuana and Cultural difference between Japan and The United States The history of Cannabis in the whole country of Japan can be traced back to 300 – 500 BC. Cannabis was a widely used plant good for the majority of Japanese culture and daily lives. Cannabis fibers were used to not only create small baskets and fishing tools, but were also used in creating divine clothing for the Emperor’s. Burning of medicinal cannabis was also used for old traditions, for example rooms of worship were purified by slow burning cannabis leave by the entrance.Although some countries have started to pass laws decriminalizing cannabis usage logical not everybody thinks cannabis needs to be decriminalized. < /p>

Due to the extreme cultivating of cannabis logical and its widely uses in daily lives, Western companies found a market with deceased providing synthetic products to replace cannabis. Today, cannabis is a drug guarded and considered taboo among the Japanese culture.The common use and history of cannabis is all but forgotten within today’s Japanese society, and when it is discovered other people have, or are using it recreationally, they are shunned and casted as â€Å"stone-cold drug addicts† (Uno, 2011). Many many Japanese people consider marijuana and other ‘hard drugs’ to be the exact same and believe all drugs have the thk same effect.For this reason, you still will need to take note of the criminal such legislation in your state.With the teams view to legalize marijuana, and the culture differences between the U. S. nd Japan, the first step to move towards a ‘Pro-Marijuana’ Japanese country would be to educate the many people on the benefits cannabis can provide. As described above, the financial profit gained would be tremendous and can go own back to the people in various ways.Cannabis may be used for treatment to begin with.

Retrieved from http://www. ama-assn. rg/ african American Psychiatric Association, (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder (4th ed.Cannabis comprises a substance referred to.apa. org/topics/addiction/index. aspx Argument: Marijuana is not addictive. (n.Finally, he will increase the economy of the nation by creating business opportunities and new job and local government revenue to cover the budget deficit.

org/en/index. php/Argument:_Marijuana_is_not_addictive Bonnie, R. , & Whitbread, C. (n.For those who have questions regarding Savannahs marijuana laws or whenever you require assistance with your case, speak to the Turner good Company now.druglibrary. org/schaffer/Library/studies/vlr/vlr3. htm Castleman, Michael. Marijuanas Effects on Sex Vary with Individuals.Aside from the usage of Marijuana, there what are many chances that could be achieved following the legalization of Marijuana.

Opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. from â€Å"Marijuana logical and Sex: Surprising Results of This Bloggers Informal Survey. † Psychology Today (1 May 2011).Theres very little evidence deeds that cannabis thats utilized long term causes damage.Ellgren, Maria. â€Å"Neurobiological effects of early life cannabis exposure in relation to the gateway hypothesis† (2007). Retrieved from http://publications. ki.At length, the dangers of marijuana appear to outweigh the advantages and thats the reason marijuana.

gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/2006/ucm108643. htm Hays, J. (2009).Marijuana, Legal Highs and Illegal drugs in Japan.† Medical Marijuana. Ed. Noel Merino. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2011.Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 22 Mar. 2013.Retrieved March 24, 2013, from http://www. reuters. com/article/2011/09/08/usa-drugs-idUSN1E7870N520110908 Olson, D. (1998).